Finding answers to your nature questions is not too difficult but you will not find one source that will answer all the hows and whys. Sometimes there is no known answer to the hows and whys. It also takes time. Observation and reading books about what you find is a lifelong process. Don’t be discouraged! Keep observing carefully and you will get some of your answers that way. Make notes about your observations. Where do you usually see a certain insect? Where did that bird nest? What did he eat in June? Is it the same food he eats in August? Gradually over time you will start to really know the habits of nature things.
Field guides and nature websites are great tools for identifying things in nature and for learning some basic facts. Look for books at the library on specific topics. There are books on cicadas that will explain their lifecycle and habits. There are books on birds, mammals, insects, plants, properties of light, etc. Also, look for books written by naturalists about their personal observations of nature. The library is usually the best source for these books because, unfortunately, nature/science related books do not stay in print for very long. Be aware that most books on nature/science topics will have some evolution content and/or environmentalist content.
Resources for nature study:
Books by brother/sister team Judy Burris and Wayne Richards
-Nature’s Notes: Bite-sized Learning & Projects for All Ages
-The Secret Lives of Backyard Bugs
-The Life Cycles of Butterflies: From Egg to Maturity, a Visual Guide to 23 Common Garden Butterflies
Books by Jim Arnosky, Millicent Selsam, Glen Rounds, Robert McClung and others for younger readers.
Books by R. D. Lawrence, Edwin Teale, Sigurd Olson, and other naturalists for older readers.
Field Guides
Handbook of Nature Study by Anna Comstock
Allaboutbirds.org
Arkive.org
Bird call CDs